Smooth Alder

(Alnus serrulata)

Smooth Alder (Alnus serrulata)

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Estimated Native Range
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Summary

Alnus serrulata, commonly known as Smooth Alder, is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to riparian zones, wetlands, and moist, low-lying areas in the Eastern United States. It typically grows to a height of 2.5–4 m (8.2–13.1 ft) with a diameter of up to 15 cm (5.9 in) and matures in about 10 years. The plant exhibits a multi-stemmed habit from its base and has finely-toothed leaf margins. The reddish-green flowers are catkins that appear in March to April, followed by small, woody cones that persist into winter, providing interest even after leaf drop.

Smooth Alder is valued for its ability to stabilize streambanks and its suitability for wetland restoration projects. Its high tolerance for wet conditions makes it ideal for planting in bioswales and rain gardens. The plant is also used in wildlife habitats for its ability to provide cover and food for birds and other animals. Smooth Alder requires moist, acidic to neutral soil with a pH of 6.8-7.2 and thrives in full sun to part shade. It is relatively low-maintenance, but spacing of 5–10 feet is recommended to allow for proper growth and air circulation.CC BY-SA 4.0

Plant Description

  • Plant Type: Tree
  • Height: 10-20 feet
  • Width: 8-15 feet
  • Growth Rate: Rapid
  • Flower Color: N/A
  • Flowering Season: Spring
  • Leaf Retention: Deciduous

Growth Requirements

  • Sun: Full Sun, Part Shade
  • Water: High
  • Drainage: Medium, Fast

Common Uses

Bank Stabilization, Bee Garden, Bird Garden, Butterfly Garden, Erosion Control, Low Maintenance, Rabbit Resistant, Salt Tolerant, Water Garden

Natural Habitat

Native to riparian zones, wetlands, and moist, low-lying areas in the Eastern United States

Other Names

Common Names: Tag Alder, Brookside Alder, Hazel Alder, Black Alder, Common Alder, Brook-Side Alder, Aulne Blanc, Aulne Serrulé, Aulne Tendre

Scientific Names: , Alnus serrulata, Alnus serrulata var. vulgaris, Alnus serrulata var. subelliptica, Alnus autumnalis, Alnus oblongata, Alnus incana var. serrulata, Alnus serrulata f. emarginata, Alnus serrulata f. noveboracensis, Alnus glutinosa var. serrulata

GBIF Accepted Name: Alnus serrulata (Aiton) Willd.