Araucaria bidwillii, commonly known as Bunya Pine, is an evergreen tree native to subtropical rainforests in Queensland, Australia. This species is particularly associated with the Bunya Mountains, where it plays a crucial ecological role. The Bunya Pine can reach heights of 30–45 meters with a distinctive dome-shaped crown. The large cones, which can weigh up to 10 kilograms, contain edible seeds known as Bunya nuts. These seeds are sweet when immature and, once ripe, have a flavor similar to roasted chestnuts. The cones are produced abundantly approximately every three years, with a notable season in January. Pollination occurs in South East Queensland around September/October, and the cones mature 17 to 18 months later, from late January to early March, with variations due to rainfall or drought conditions.

The Bunya Pine is valued for its majestic appearance, historical significance, and the edible nuts it produces. It is used in large gardens, parks, and as a feature tree in spacious landscapes. The tree’s deep taproot system makes it resilient once established, but it can be challenging to transplant. Bunya nuts are slow to germinate, often taking several months to sprout and requiring a year to develop roots. Young leaves form a rosette and are dark brown, turning green as the plant matures. The mature leaves are very hard and sharp, contrasting with the softer young leaves. Cuttings should be taken from erect shoots for successful vertical growth. In cultivation, Bunya Pines prefer full sun and can adapt to a range of soil drainage conditions, from slow to fast. They are relatively hardy, reaching heights of 35 to 40 meters and living for about 500 years.CC BY-SA 4.0