Pigeon Pea

(Cajanus cajan)

Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan)

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Estimated Native Range
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Summary

Cajanus cajan, commonly known as Pigeon Pea, is an evergreen subshrub or shrub native to the tropical woodlands, savannahs, and scrublands of the Indian subcontinent, including South Asia and the West Himalayas. It typically grows to a height of 7-10 feet and a width of 7-12 feet. The plant features a woody, branching stem and trifoliate leaves. Pigeon Pea is well-known for its yellow, sometimes red-streaked flowers that bloom in winter and spring, adding a splash of color to the landscape. The flowers are followed by pods containing edible seeds, which are a staple food in many cultures.

Pigeon Pea is valued for its drought tolerance and ability to fix nitrogen, improving soil fertility. It is commonly used in agroforestry systems, intercropped with cereals, and as a food source. The seeds are high in protein and an important ingredient in various cuisines. In cultivation, it requires full sun and can tolerate a range of water conditions and soil types, including those with poor fertility. While it is a key crop for subsistence farmers, it can become invasive outside its native range, so caution is advised.CC BY-SA 4.0

Plant Description

  • Plant Type: Shrub
  • Height: 7-10 feet
  • Width: 7-12 feet
  • Growth Rate: Moderate
  • Flower Color: Yellow
  • Flowering Season: Spring, Winter
  • Leaf Retention: Evergreen

Growth Requirements

  • Sun: Full Sun
  • Water: Low
  • Drainage: Medium

Common Uses

Bank Stabilization, Bird Garden, Drought Tolerant, Edible*Disclaimer: Easyscape's listed plant edibility is for informational use. Always verify the safety and proper identification of any plant before consumption., Low Maintenance

Natural Habitat

Tropical woodlands, savannahs, and scrublands of the Indian subcontinent

Other Names

Common Names: Pigeon-Pea , Pigeonpea , Red Gram , Yellow Dhal , Congo-Pea , Straucherbse , Gandul , Cachito , Ambrévade , Pois D’Angole

Scientific Names: Cajanus cajan , Cajanus indicus , Cajanus flavus , Cajanus bicolor , Cytisus cajan , Cajanus pseudocajan , Cytisus mollis , Cajanus indicus var. bicolor , Cajanus indicus var. maculatus , Cajanus luteus

GBIF Accepted Name: Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth