Cucurbita moschata, commonly referred to as butternut squash or pumpkin, is a perennial vine that is often grown as an annual in cultivation. It is native to a range of habitats in Mexico, Central America and northern South America, including tropical and subtropical regions where it is integrated into local agroforestry systems. The plant typically sprawls or climbs with large, lobed leaves and produces yellow-orange flowers followed by fruits that vary widely in shape, size, and color depending on the cultivar.

Cucurbita moschata is highly valued for its heat and humidity tolerance, making it well-suited for warm climates. It is also appreciated for its resistance to pests such as the squash vine borer. The fruit is a staple in traditional cuisines and is commercially important, especially in the production of canned pumpkin pie mix. In cultivation, it requires full sun, well-drained soil, and regular watering. While it is generally low-maintenance, it can suffer from powdery mildew and should be monitored for common squash pests. The plant’s sprawling habit makes it suitable for ground cover in large garden spaces, and it can also be trained up trellises to save space. Notable cultivars include ’Cushaw’, known for its long, curved neck and bulbous bottom, and ’Winter Crookneck Squashes’, which have a distinctive curved shape and firm flesh. ’Japanese Pie Pumpkins’ are prized for their sweet flavor, making them ideal for baking.CC BY-SA 4.0