Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as True Cardamom or Kardemumma, is an evergreen perennial herb native to tropical rainforests in southern India. It can grow to a height of 2–4 m (6 ft 7 in – 13 ft 1 in) and features lance-shaped leaves that are dark green in color. The plant produces small, yellowish flowers with a purple tip, which are often hidden among the leaves. These flowers develop into green seed pods that are oblong and contain the aromatic seeds used as the spice cardamom. The flowering season typically occurs from April to May, and the flowers are not particularly showy, but the plant is highly valued for its flavorful seeds.

True Cardamom is cultivated for its seeds, which are a staple in both culinary and medicinal applications. The plant thrives in humid, tropical climates with consistent moisture and prefers rich, well-drained soils with partial shade, mimicking its natural forest floor habitat. It is often grown in spice gardens or as a greenhouse specimen in cooler climates. Cardamom requires regular watering and does not tolerate drought well. It is not commonly associated with serious diseases or pests, although it can be susceptible to root rot if overwatered or planted in poorly drained soils. True Cardamom is not typically invasive when grown outside its native range, but it does require a warm, humid environment to flourish.CC BY-SA 4.0