Common Fig

(Ficus carica)

Common Fig (Ficus carica)

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Estimated Native Range
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Summary

Ficus carica, commonly known as Common Fig, is a deciduous tree or large shrub native to the Mediterranean region and southwestern Asia, where it thrives in arid and semi-arid climates, often found in rocky areas, scrublands, and near streams. It typically grows to a height of 7–10 meters (23–33 feet) with a spreading habit and can develop a broad crown. The bark is smooth and pale, and the deeply lobed leaves are a striking feature, providing a lush, tropical appearance. Figs produce distinctive pear-shaped fruits called syconium, which are actually inverted flowers that mature into the fleshy structures we eat. The fruits are green, ripening to purple or brown, with sweet, soft reddish flesh filled with small, edible seeds. Figs are highly valued for their delicious fruit, which is enjoyed fresh, dried, or in various culinary preparations.

The Common Fig is adaptable to a range of soil types, provided they are well-drained, and it prefers full sun to part shade. It requires moderate water, but established trees are quite drought-tolerant. Figs are often grown in home gardens and orchards for their fruit and as ornamental plants due to their attractive foliage. They can also be espaliered against walls. However, the milky sap can be an irritant, so care should be taken when pruning or handling the plant. Ficus carica can be invasive in some regions, such as Southern California, and its aggressive root system may cause problems if planted too close to structures or paving.CC BY-SA 4.0

Plant Description

  • Plant Type: Tree, Shrub
  • Height: 10-20 feet
  • Width: 10-20 feet
  • Growth Rate: Moderate
  • Flower Color: N/A
  • Flowering Season: Spring
  • Leaf Retention: Deciduous

Growth Requirements

  • Sun: Full Sun, Part Shade
  • Water: Medium
  • Drainage: Slow, Medium, Fast

Common Uses

Bee Garden, Bird Garden, Border Plant, Deer Resistant, Drought Tolerant, Edible*Disclaimer: Easyscape's listed plant edibility is for informational use. Always verify the safety and proper identification of any plant before consumption., Fragrant, Potted Plant, Rabbit Resistant, Salt Tolerant, Street Planting

Natural Habitat

Mediterranean region and southwestern Asia, often found in rocky areas, scrublands, and near streams

Other Names

Common Names: Fig, Edible Fig, Teen, Feigenbaum, Essfeige, Echte Feige, Higo, Higuera Común, Figuier Commun, Carique

Scientific Names: , Ficus carica, Ficus pedunculata, Ficus carica var. caprificus, Ficus carica var. rupestris, Ficus globosa, Ficus vulgaris, Caprificus leucocarpa, Caprificus oblongata, Caprificus pedunculata

GBIF Accepted Name: Ficus carica L.