California Flannelbush

(Fremontodendron californicum)

California Flannelbush (Fremontodendron californicum)

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Estimated Native Range
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Summary

Fremontodendron californicum, commonly known as California flannelbush, California fremontia, or flannel bush, is an evergreen shrub native to various habitats in California and Baja California, including chaparral, coastal sage scrub, and lower montane coniferous forest. It thrives at elevations of 1,300–6,500 feet (400–1,980 m). This species is particularly associated with the California chaparral and woodlands, Yellow Pine Forests, and Pinyon-juniper woodlands, often on dry, rocky slopes and in canyons where drainage is excellent.

The California flannelbush is known for its large, showy, yellow flowers, which can sometimes have orange, coppery, or reddish margins. These blossoms, 3.5–6.0 centimeters (1.4–2.4 inches) in diameter, are borne in great showy masses and bloom mainly in spring and early summer. The shrub’s foliage has a flannel-like texture, hence the common name. The plant typically grows 8–18 feet (2.4–5.5 m) in height and 6–10 feet (1.8–3.0 m) in width. It is valued for its drought tolerance and vibrant floral display, making it suitable for native plant gardens, wildlife gardens, and natural landscaping. Fremontodendron californicum ssp. decumbens is particularly garden-friendly and can be grown in large pots. It requires full sun, minimal water once established, and well-draining soil. While the plant is low-maintenance, it can suffer from root rot if overwatered and may be susceptible to fungal diseases. It is also important to note that the plant’s foliage and sap can irritate the skin, so handling with care is advised.CC BY-SA 4.0

Plant Description

  • Plant Type: Shrub
  • Height: 8-18 feet
  • Width: 6-10 feet
  • Growth Rate: Moderate
  • Flower Color: Yellow
  • Flowering Season: Spring, Summer
  • Leaf Retention: Evergreen

Growth Requirements

  • Sun: Full Sun
  • Water: Low
  • Drainage: Fast, Medium

Common Uses

Bee Garden, Butterfly Garden, Drought Tolerant, Fire Resistant, Showy Flowers

Natural Habitat

Native to chaparral, coastal sage scrub, and lower montane coniferous forest within California and Baja California

Other Names

Common Names: California Fremontia , Flannel Bush

Scientific Names: Fremontodendron californicum , Fremontia californica , Fremontodendron californicum subsp. californicum , Fremontodendron californicum subsp. napense , Fremontodendron californicum subsp. obispoense , Fremontia californica var. integra , Fremontia obispoensis , Fremontodendron californicum subsp. crassifolium , Fremontodendron napense , Fremontia californica subsp. obispoensis

GBIF Accepted Name: Fremontodendron californicum (Torr.) Coult.