Manono
(Kadua affinis)
Manono (Kadua affinis)
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© Kevin Faccenda
CC BY 4.0
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© Kevin Faccenda
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CC BY 4.0
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Photo by: © Kevin Faccenda | License Type: CC BY 4.0 | License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | Uploader: kevinfaccenda | Publisher: iNaturalist |

























Estimated Native Range
Summary
Kadua affinis, commonly known as manono or variable starviolet, is a highly variable species of flowering plant endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. It exhibits a range of growth forms, including liana, sprawling shrub, shrub, or small tree, which reflects its adaptability to different environments within its native range. The flowers of Kadua affinis are typically yellowish-green to purplish and can be quite showy, contributing to its ornamental value. This species is particularly noted for its extensive synonymy, with over 200 synonyms attributed to it due to its variability.
Kadua affinis thrives in a variety of habitats, from moist forest understories to open shrublands, often in higher elevation ecosystems. It is valued in cultivation for its adaptability and the visual interest provided by its variable growth habits and attractive flowers. In gardens, it can be used for border planting or as an understory plant in larger landscapes. It prefers well-drained soils, moderate moisture, and can tolerate a range of light conditions from part shade to full sun. While not commonly available in the nursery trade, it can be a unique addition to a Hawaiian-themed garden or conservation planting. Care should be taken to source plants from reputable nurseries to avoid contributing to the collection of wild specimens, which can threaten native populations.CC BY-SA 4.0
Kadua affinis thrives in a variety of habitats, from moist forest understories to open shrublands, often in higher elevation ecosystems. It is valued in cultivation for its adaptability and the visual interest provided by its variable growth habits and attractive flowers. In gardens, it can be used for border planting or as an understory plant in larger landscapes. It prefers well-drained soils, moderate moisture, and can tolerate a range of light conditions from part shade to full sun. While not commonly available in the nursery trade, it can be a unique addition to a Hawaiian-themed garden or conservation planting. Care should be taken to source plants from reputable nurseries to avoid contributing to the collection of wild specimens, which can threaten native populations.CC BY-SA 4.0
Plant Description
- Plant Type: Shrub, Tree, Vine
- Height: 3-6 feet
- Width: 3-4 feet
- Growth Rate: Moderate
- Flower Color: White
- Flowering Season: Spring, Summer
- Leaf Retention: Evergreen
Growth Requirements
- Sun: Full Sun, Part Shade
- Water: Medium, High
- Drainage: Medium, Slow
Common Uses
Bee Garden, Bird Garden, Border Plant, Low Maintenance, Showy Flowers
Natural Habitat
Moist forest understories to open shrublands, often at higher elevations within the Hawaiian Islands
Other Names
Common Names: Kadua
Scientific Names: , Kadua affinis, Gouldia affinis, Gouldia affinis var. gracilis, Gouldia affinis var. robusta, Gouldia angustifolia, Gouldia antiqua, Gouldia antiqua, Gouldia antiqua var. acuta, Gouldia antiqua var. hirtellifolia
GBIF Accepted Name: