Machilus thunbergii, commonly known as Japanese bay tree, red machilus, or tabunoki, is an evergreen tree that is part of the Lauraceae family. It is native to broad-leaved evergreen forests in warm temperate regions of East Asia, including Vietnam, Taiwan, China, Korea, and Japan. The species typically grows to a height of 33-49 feet (10-15 meters) and can reach up to 66 feet (20 meters) in optimal conditions. The Japanese bay tree has a dense, rounded crown with glossy, leathery leaves that are aromatic when crushed. It produces small yellow flowers in spring, which are not particularly showy but are fragrant and attract pollinators. The tree also bears small purple-black berries that are favored by birds.

The Japanese bay tree is valued for its glossy evergreen foliage and aromatic properties. It is used in urban settings for street planting due to its tolerance of pollution and compact growth habit. The tree is also planted in gardens and parks for its aesthetic appeal and as a windbreak in coastal areas. It requires well-drained soils and can tolerate a range of soil types, including saline soils, though it prefers acidic to neutral pH levels. It thrives in full sun to part shade conditions and has moderate water requirements. The bark of Machilus thunbergii is harvested to make makko powder, which is used as a base for incense due to its ability to burn smoothly and for its mosquito-repelling properties. The wood is also utilized for timber. While generally disease-resistant, the tree can be susceptible to root rot if planted in poorly drained soils.CC BY-SA 4.0