Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera, commonly known as Plains Cottonwood, is a deciduous tree native to riverbanks, floodplains, and wetlands in the Central USA, particularly along the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers. It can grow rapidly to a height of 30-100 feet (9-30 meters) and a width of 30-50 feet (9-15 meters), with a broad, open crown and stout branches. The bark is deeply furrowed, and the tree is known for its large, triangular leaves that flutter in the wind, creating a distinctive rustling sound. The flowers are not showy, but the tree produces cotton-like seeds that can be a nuisance in urban areas. Flowering occurs in early spring before the leaves emerge.

Plains Cottonwood is valued for its rapid growth and ability to thrive in wet conditions, making it suitable for erosion control and riparian plantings. It is also used for windbreaks and as a shade tree in large spaces. However, its extensive root system can be problematic near structures or pavement. This species requires full sun and ample water, preferring soils with fast drainage. It is tolerant of a range of soil types, including clay, loam, and sand, as long as they are moist. Plains Cottonwood is susceptible to diseases such as cankers and leaf rust, and pests like the cottonwood borer can cause damage to the tree.CC BY-SA 4.0