Quercus pyrenaica, commonly known as Pyrenean Oak or Spanish Oak, is a deciduous tree native to the Iberian Peninsula and certain areas of North Africa. It can reach a height of up to 82 feet (25 meters) and is well-adapted to both sub-humid temperate and Mediterranean semi-arid climates, often found at elevations up to 6890 feet (2100 meters). The tree is characterized by a rounded crown and lobed leaves, with acorns as its fruit. It is known for its hardy nature and ability to withstand drought conditions.

The Pyrenean Oak is valued for its adaptability to various soil types, though it prefers well-drained soils. It is used for reforestation projects and as an ornamental tree in large gardens and parks. Its wood is also used for construction and furniture. In cultivation, it requires minimal maintenance once established and can tolerate partial shade to full sun. However, it is susceptible to wildfires and pests such as the green oak leaf roller moth, gypsy moth, and brown-tail moth. Due to its historical use in the charcoal and timber industries, conservation efforts are important to ensure its sustainability.CC BY-SA 4.0