Threeleaf Figwort

(Scrophularia trifoliata)

Threeleaf Figwort (Scrophularia trifoliata)

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Estimated Native Range
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Summary

Scrophularia trifoliata, commonly known as Threeleaf Figwort, Carpenter’s Square, or Late Figwort, is a perennial herb that is native to a variety of habitats across North America, including moist meadows, open woodlands, and riparian zones. It typically grows at a moderate rate to a height of 4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters) and a width of 1-2 feet (0.3-0.6 meters). The plant features opposite, broadly ovate leaves and square stems, which give rise to the common name Carpenter’s Square. Its flowers are small, green to red, and often overlooked due to their inconspicuous nature, blooming in the summer months. The flowers, while not showy, are beneficial to pollinators such as bees.

Threeleaf Figwort is valued for its wildlife support and adaptability to various garden settings. It can be used in naturalized areas, as part of a pollinator garden, or in restoration projects. It is relatively low-maintenance, requiring medium amounts of water and thriving in both full sun and part shade. The plant prefers medium or fast-draining sandy or loam soils. While not commonly afflicted by diseases, it can occasionally suffer from rust or leaf spot. It is important to note that Scrophularia trifoliata can spread by rhizomes and self-seeding, which may be considered aggressive in some settings.CC BY-SA 4.0

Plant Description

  • Plant Type: Herb
  • Height: 4-6 feet
  • Width: 1-2 feet
  • Growth Rate: Moderate
  • Flower Color: Green, Red
  • Flowering Season: Summer
  • Leaf Retention: Deciduous

Growth Requirements

  • Sun: Full Sun, Part Shade
  • Water: Medium
  • Drainage: Medium, Fast

Common Uses

Bee Garden, Bird Garden, Low Maintenance

Natural Habitat

Moist meadows, open woodlands, and riparian zones

Other Names

Common Names: Carpenter’s Square, Late Figwort

Scientific Names: , Scrophularia trifoliata, Scrophularia appendiculata, Scrophularia auriculata, Scrophularia mellifera, Scrophularia mellifera, Scrophularia trifoliata var. integrifolia, Scrophularia trifoliata var. trifoliata,

GBIF Accepted Name: