Eggplant

(Solanum melongena)

Eggplant (Solanum melongena)

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Estimated Native Range
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Summary

Solanum melongena, commonly known as Eggplant, is a perennial plant often grown as an annual in temperate climates. It is native to tropical and subtropical Asia, where it thrives in a range of environments from plains to forested areas. Eggplants reach a height of 4 feet and a width of 1-3 feet, with a bushy growth habit. The species is characterized by its large, coarsely lobed leaves and spiny stems. Flowers are typically white to purple with a five-lobed corolla and prominent yellow stamens, blooming throughout the growing season. The fruit varies widely among cultivars, from the classic large, glossy, deep purple variety to elongated and white types. Notably, the flesh of the fruit turns brown upon exposure to air due to oxidation.

Eggplants are valued for their edible fruit, which is a staple in cuisines worldwide. They are a key ingredient in dishes such as ratatouille, baba ganoush, and parmigiana. In the garden, they require warm temperatures and are sensitive to frost. Eggplants perform best in full sun with ample water and well-drained soil. Mulching can help retain soil moisture and temperature. Regular feeding and staking may be necessary to support the plant’s vigorous growth and heavy fruit load. While generally easy to grow, eggplants can be susceptible to pests like aphids and spider mites, and diseases such as verticillium wilt. Rotating crops and maintaining good air circulation can help prevent these issues.CC BY-SA 4.0

Plant Description

  • Plant Type: Subshrub, Herb
  • Height: 2-4 feet
  • Width: 1-3 feet
  • Growth Rate: Rapid
  • Flower Color: N/A
  • Flowering Season: Summer
  • Leaf Retention: Deciduous

Growth Requirements

  • Sun: Full Sun
  • Water: High
  • Drainage: Fast, Medium

Common Uses

Bee Garden, Edible*Disclaimer: Easyscape's listed plant edibility is for informational use. Always verify the safety and proper identification of any plant before consumption., Potted Plant

Natural Habitat

native to tropical and subtropical Asia, where it thrives in a range of environments from plains to forested areas

Other Names

Common Names: Aubergine, Brinjal, Mad Apple, Raging Apple, Eierfrucht, Berenjena, Béringène, Mélongène, Maranziana, Petrociana

Scientific Names: , Solanum melongena, Solanum indicum, Solanum ovigerum, Solanum trilobatum, Solanum insanum, Solanum esculentum, Solanum melongena subsp. insanum, Solanum melongena var. esculentum, Solanum esculentum var. aculeatum

GBIF Accepted Name: Solanum melongena L.