Terminalia arjuna, commonly known as the arjun tree, is a deciduous tree native to riparian zones and wetlands in the Indian Subcontinent, specifically in regions like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Odisha, and central and southern India. It typically grows to a height of 66-82 feet (20-25 meters) with a notable buttressed trunk that provides structural support in its soft, often waterlogged soil habitat. The tree’s oblong leaves are green on top and brown below, and its smooth, grey bark is distinctive and often used in traditional medicine. Terminalia arjuna blooms with pale yellow flowers from March to June, which are modest in showiness, and produces fibrous woody fruit from September to November.

The arjun tree is valued for its medicinal properties, particularly for cardiovascular health, and is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine. It is also planted as an ornamental tree in tropical regions beyond its native range, such as Malaysia, Indonesia, and Kenya, for its shade and aesthetic appeal. The tree prefers full sun to part shade and thrives in moist, fertile soils with good drainage. While generally robust, Terminalia arjuna can be susceptible to certain fungal infections, though it does not commonly suffer from major diseases or pests. Its extensive root system can be considered when planting near structures or other plants.CC BY-SA 4.0