Vicia americana, commonly known as American vetch or purple vetch, is a climbing perennial herb that is native to a variety of habitats including open woodlands, forest edges, and grasslands across North America. It is particularly adapted to well-drained soils and can be found in both moist and dry areas. American vetch typically grows from both a taproot and rhizome, reaching lengths that allow it to climb over other vegetation. It features pinnately compound leaves with oblong leaflets and tendrils that facilitate climbing. The plant produces showy, pea-like flowers that bloom from late spring to early summer, with colors ranging from lavender to fuchsia. Following flowering, it forms hairless flat pods about 1 inch long, each containing usually two light brown seeds.

American vetch is valued for its ability to fix nitrogen in the soil, making it useful for soil improvement and reclamation projects, particularly in burned or disturbed lands. It is drought-tolerant, which makes it a suitable choice for xeriscaping and restoration in arid regions. In cultivation, it requires minimal maintenance and can thrive in full sun to partial shade, with a preference for well-drained soils. While not commonly used in ornamental gardening, it can serve as a ground cover or be integrated into wildflower meadows. Gardeners should note that it can become weedy and spread aggressively in some conditions.CC BY-SA 4.0